What do test points mean in PCB? What is the function?

In PCB (Printed Circuit Board) design and manufacturing, a test point is a specialized design element that refers to a small copper pad or copper area reserved on the PCB for testing purposes. Test points usually do not participate in the normal operation of the circuit, but play an important role in the production, debugging and repair processes.

The functions of test points include:

Convenient Testing: 

Test points provide a point of contact for measuring voltage, current, resistance or signal integrity using test instruments (such as multimeters, oscilloscopes).

Fault Diagnosis: 

When a circuit fault occurs, test points can help engineers quickly locate the problem. The test points can detect the signal status of specific points.

Debugging and Calibration:

During the product development phase, test points are used to debug and calibrate the circuit to ensure that the circuit works according to the design requirements.

Quality Control: 

During the production process, test points are used for automated testing to ensure the manufacturing quality of PCB boards.

Simplified maintenance: 

Dmaintenance, test points provide direct measurement points, simplifying maintenance and reducing the risk of physical damage to the circuit board.

Reduce Test Time: 

By setting test points at key locations, you can reduce the time required for testing and improve production efficiency.

Avoid Damaging Components: 

The test point avoids direct contact with sensitive components during the test process, reducing the risk of damaging components.

Design Verification: 

Test points are used to verify that the PCB design meets the expected electrical characteristics.

Signal tracing: 

In complex circuits, test points can help trace signal paths, especially when performing signal integrity analysis.

Adapt to Automated Testing: 

Modern automated testing equipment can automatically identify and utilize test points for rapid testing.

Prevent Soldering Problems: 

Test points are sometimes used to check soldering quality, such as the soldering condition of pads and through holes.

Functional Testing: 

In functional testing, test points are used to verify that the logic of the board is functioning properly.

Reduce Design Iterations: 

By considering test points during the design phase, you can reduce rework and design iterations caused by test issues.

Meet Standards Requirements: 

Certain industry standards may require the inclusion of specific test points in the PCB design.