What are The Characteristics of Ordinary PCB and High Frequency PCB Respectively?

The characteristics of ordinary PCB and high frequency PCB are as follows:

Characteristics of ordinary PCB:

A. Ordinary PCBs are mainly made of FR-4 material and FR-1 material, which are relatively cheap and easy to obtain.

B. The line width and line spacing of ordinary PCBs are usually larger, so the signal transmission speed is slower.

C. The number of layers of ordinary PCBs is usually small, mainly used for simple circuit connection and layout, and the requirements for signal transmission speed and impedance matching are not high.

D. Ordinary PCBs are usually used for low-frequency circuits, such as household appliances and lighting equipment.

Characteristics of high frequency PCBs:

A. High frequency PCB needs to choose materials with low dielectric constant and dielectric loss to reduce energy loss and signal distortion during signal transmission. Commonly used high-frequency PCB materials include PTFE, FR-4 and RF-35.

B. The design of high frequency PCB is more stringent requirements, need to consider the speed of signal transmission, impedance matching, signal integrity and other factors.

C. The manufacturing process of high frequency PCB is more complex, requiring the use of higher precision manufacturing equipment and processes. For example, the high-frequency PCB line width and line spacing requirements are smaller, requiring the use of more accurate photolithography.

D. High frequency PCBs are mainly used in high-frequency communications, radar, wireless communications and other fields, requiring high-speed, high-reliability performance.

The main difference between ordinary PCBs and high frequency PCBs lies in the materials used, design requirements and application areas. Ordinary PCBs are mainly used for simple circuit connection and layout, with low requirements for signal transmission speed and impedance matching; while high-frequency PCBs need to take more factors into consideration, such as the choice of materials, design requirements and manufacturing process, etc., in order to ensure high speed and reliability of signal transmission.

There are obvious differences between the use scenarios of ordinary PCBs and high-frequency PCBs, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

Signal Transmission Speed and Rate: High frequency PCB is mainly used in the transmission of high-frequency signals, whose frequency range is between hundreds of megahertz (MHz) and tens of gigahertz (GHz). While ordinary PCB mainly deal with lower frequency signals, its frequency range in megahertz (MHz) to tens of gigahertz (GHz).

Material Selection:Common PCBs typically use FR-4 fiberglass as the substrate material, while high-frequency PCBs use materials with higher dielectric constants, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and Rogers. These materials have lower loss and better electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics, and are therefore suitable for applications in the high frequency and microwave bands.

Application Areas: High frequency PCBs are mainly used in high frequency communication, radar, wireless communication and other fields, which require high speed and high reliability performance. While ordinary PCB is widely used in a variety of fields, including household appliances, lighting equipment and so on.

The difference between ordinary PCBs and high frequency PCBs is mainly manifested in signal transmission speed and rate, material selection and application areas. High-frequency PCBs are more suitable for communication and radar fields that require high speed and high reliability, while ordinary PCBs are suitable for fields that do not require high signal transmission speed and impedance matching.